托福聽(tīng)力考試中有一些固定的詞組常會(huì)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)，雖然看似簡(jiǎn)單但其實(shí)考生對(duì)這些詞匯詞組并沒(méi)有掌握徹底，很多時(shí)候都是一知半解反而更容易導(dǎo)致扣分。今天小編給大家?guī)?lái)了托福聽(tīng)力高頻詞匯固定搭配歸納 ,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)吧。
托福聽(tīng)力高頻詞匯固定搭配歸納
1.anything but
聽(tīng)力原句：
Librarian：Oh, well I guess you might think that. But when I saw it back then it was anything but boring.
語(yǔ)境釋義：并不;一點(diǎn)也不
注：近似詞組nothing but意為“只不過(guò)是”,例如：It's nothing but a joke.
2.in such short notice
聽(tīng)力原句：
Student：Hi, thanks for seeing me in such short notice.
語(yǔ)境釋義：如此倉(cāng)促
3.in person
聽(tīng)力原句：
Manager: Right, the choir. It’s nice to finally meet you in person. So, you are having problems with...
語(yǔ)境釋義：親自，當(dāng)面
4.high-end
聽(tīng)力原句：
Pro: Ok, basically they have to offer things that most people can find anywhere else, you know quality, that means better exercise equipment,high-end stuff, and classes-exercise classes may be aerobics.
語(yǔ)境釋義：高端的
5.drive…h(huán)ome
聽(tīng)力原句：
Therefore, it’s best to be a non-conformist – to do your own thing, not worrying about what other people think. That’s an important point. He really drives this argument home throughout the essay.
語(yǔ)境釋義：把(論點(diǎn)、問(wèn)題等)講得透徹、明白
6.goof off
聽(tīng)力原句：
Student: I went off to the stack and found some really good material for my part, but when I got back to our table, they were just goofing off and talking. So I went and got materials for their sections as well.
語(yǔ)境釋義：游手好閑，混日子
7.go down the drain
聽(tīng)力原句：
Student: I know, but I didn’t want to risk the project going down the drain.
語(yǔ)境釋義：前功盡棄，付諸東流
8.start from scratch
聽(tīng)力原句：
Student: But we’ve got all the sources and it’s due next week. We don’t have time to start from scratch.
語(yǔ)境釋義：從頭開(kāi)始
9.come down to
聽(tīng)力原句：
It’s been shaped by constraints over vast stretches of time, all of which comes down to the fact that the best foraging strategy for beavers isn’t the one that yields the most food or wood.
語(yǔ)境釋義：歸結(jié)為
10.open spot
聽(tīng)力原句：
I am afraid we don’t have any openings at lunch time. A lot of students want to work then, so it is really rare for us to have an open spot at that time of day.
語(yǔ)境釋義：職位空缺
11.not necessarily
聽(tīng)力原句1：
Well, design doesn't necessarily include things like sculptures or decorative walkways or… or even eye catching window displays, you know art.
聽(tīng)力原句2：
Professor：That’s another possible reason although it doesn’t necessarily explain other behaviors such as eating, drinking or sleeping.”
語(yǔ)境釋義：不一定，未必(不是“不需要”或者“不必要”的意思!)
12.be at odds with
聽(tīng)力原句：
They try to fit in with the rest of the world even though it’s at odds with their beliefs and their identities.
語(yǔ)境釋義：與…相違背、相沖突
注：在聽(tīng)力中該短語(yǔ)會(huì)有連讀，要多聽(tīng)。
13.lesser-known
聽(tīng)力原句：
Employee：You are lucky to have professor who includes the lesser-known writer like her on the syllabus, you know, not the usual authors we’ve all read.
語(yǔ)境釋義：不知名的
14.pros and cons
聽(tīng)力原句：
I mean no one really thinks that, say a bee goes through weighing the pros and cons of pollinating this flower or that flower.
語(yǔ)境釋義：權(quán)衡利弊，仔細(xì)斟酌
15.in a different light
聽(tīng)力原句：
Student: I mean... Being a waiter, I get to see a lot of the professors, like in a different light, we joke around a little you know. In the classroom, they always have to be pretty formal, but …
語(yǔ)境釋義：從不同的角度，從另外一面
16.low key
聽(tīng)力原句：
Pro: Oh, that's very thoughtful of you, Eric, but it will be low key, nothing flashy. That's not her style.
語(yǔ)境釋義：低調(diào)的，不張揚(yáng)的
17.common denominator
聽(tīng)力原句：
There are variations on this model of course, but the common denominators are always an idea of creating a shopping space that will get people to shop in the city without needing their cars.
語(yǔ)境釋義：共同點(diǎn)，共性
注意：denominator本意為“分母”
18.tongue in cheek
聽(tīng)力原句：
But if you took away all the DNA that codes for genes, you still have maybe 70% of the DNA left over. That’s the so-called JUNK DNA. Though the word junk is used sort of tongue in cheek.
語(yǔ)境釋義：半開(kāi)玩笑地
19.pull them from thin air
聽(tīng)力原句：
To begin, how do we create fictional characters? We don’t just pull them from thin air, do we? I mean we don’t create them out of nothing.
語(yǔ)境釋義：憑空捏造
20.touch base
聽(tīng)力原句：
Advisor: Hi, Steven I schedule this appointment, cause it has been a while since we touched base.
語(yǔ)境釋義：聯(lián)系，進(jìn)行接觸
托福聽(tīng)力日常突破練習(xí)
1.Summary
Summary指的是“概述，大意”的意思，具體指的是我們?cè)诼?tīng)到一篇聽(tīng)力材料后所進(jìn)行的概括。這并不需要我們聽(tīng)懂材料的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，但是卻能夠抓住說(shuō)話人的思路和框架。這個(gè)訓(xùn)練對(duì)于托福聽(tīng)力至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)橥懈Ｂ?tīng)力，尤其是講座，并不需要我們聽(tīng)懂每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)，更重要的是教授講課的思路和全文的重要細(xì)節(jié)。很多同學(xué)聽(tīng)完一篇聽(tīng)力材料時(shí)，問(wèn)他聽(tīng)到了什么，他只能說(shuō)出一個(gè)又一個(gè)零散的單詞，這是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。
練習(xí)summary的方法很簡(jiǎn)單，就以托福聽(tīng)力的講座為材料，一邊聽(tīng)一邊記筆記，錄音結(jié)束，然后自己根據(jù)大腦的記憶和筆記進(jìn)行全文重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容的英文復(fù)述，然后再反復(fù)，直到練到可以將一篇講座順暢的復(fù)述出來(lái)為止。這樣練上幾十篇，你對(duì)把握聽(tīng)力材料整體的能力就會(huì)有極大的提高。
2.Dictation
Dictation，也就是聽(tīng)寫(xiě)，它指的是將一篇聽(tīng)力錄音中的原文全部聽(tīng)抄下來(lái)。為什么要進(jìn)行聽(tīng)寫(xiě)?因?yàn)樗锹?tīng)力提高最有效的方法。為什么聽(tīng)寫(xiě)是聽(tīng)力提高最有效的方法?因?yàn)樗軐⒁粋€(gè)人聽(tīng)力中所有細(xì)枝末節(jié)的問(wèn)題都暴露出來(lái)，然后訂正，全部解決掉，這樣自然最有效率，也最深刻。那么對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托福考試的考生而言，最好的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)材料是什么?是老托的lecture。為什么老托的lecture是最好的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)材料?因?yàn)樾峦惺抢贤械难永m(xù)，老托和新托在題材、詞匯，和難度上都大致相當(dāng)。當(dāng)然，如果基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的同學(xué)，可以先花一個(gè)月的時(shí)間將新概念第二和第三冊(cè)的美英版先聽(tīng)寫(xiě)完，然后再來(lái)聽(tīng)寫(xiě)老托的lecture，這樣會(huì)更加磨刀不誤砍柴功。
3.Intensive listening
Intensive listening，指的是精聽(tīng)。我所說(shuō)的“精聽(tīng)”，并不只是指全神貫注地聽(tīng)，當(dāng)然，這是必須的。我所說(shuō)的“精聽(tīng)”步驟如下：(1)一邊聽(tīng)一邊看著原文，手上拿著筆，劃出自己不認(rèn)識(shí)或似曾相識(shí)但反應(yīng)不過(guò)來(lái)的詞;(2)錄音結(jié)束，開(kāi)始查生詞，寫(xiě)在原文的旁邊，只需要寫(xiě)這個(gè)單詞在這篇文章的意思就可以;(3)將這篇材料當(dāng)閱讀文章快速精讀一遍，徹底看懂;(4)再一邊看著原文，一邊放錄音，并且嘴上跟讀，反復(fù)幾遍，一直聽(tīng)到可以不看原文徹底聽(tīng)懂為止。
精聽(tīng)的材料可以有很多，但我最推薦的是SSS(Scientific American’s Sixty-second Science)，因?yàn)樗浅６蹋挥幸环昼姡畔⒘亢艽螅匾氖牵峭懈Ｂ?tīng)力出題的重要來(lái)源。按照上面的步驟，將SSS的2008年全集(總共250篇)全部精聽(tīng)完，你的聽(tīng)覺(jué)反應(yīng)速度、聽(tīng)覺(jué)詞匯量，以及知識(shí)面都會(huì)質(zhì)的提高。
4.High-quality extensive listening
High-quality extensive listening，指的是高質(zhì)量的泛聽(tīng)。泛聽(tīng)不用像精聽(tīng)那樣每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都得突破，只需要把握住整體的語(yǔ)流，聽(tīng)懂說(shuō)話人的大概意思就可以。而高質(zhì)量的泛聽(tīng)，指的是必須全神貫注的聽(tīng)。泛聽(tīng)的“泛”并不指態(tài)度的懶散，而是針對(duì)整體的要求。
泛聽(tīng)最佳的材料有兩個(gè)：一個(gè)是National Geographic(國(guó)家地理)，另一個(gè)是Discovery(探索)。看到時(shí)候，一定要有英文字幕。每天看一集，養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣，會(huì)有極大收獲。
5.Challenging materials
Challenging materials，意思是“有挑戰(zhàn)性的材料”，指的是備考托福聽(tīng)力，平時(shí)聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的最高難度一定要超越考試難度，這樣在考試的時(shí)候才會(huì)有居高臨下的感覺(jué)，穩(wěn)定地取得好成績(jī)。挑戰(zhàn)性的材料有這么幾類：第一，美國(guó)大學(xué)上課的課堂錄像或錄音，現(xiàn)在很多美國(guó)大學(xué)已經(jīng)將自己大學(xué)的許多教授的課堂錄像放在了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上，這是一個(gè)極佳的挑戰(zhàn)聽(tīng)力難度的材料;第二，巴朗和Kaplan上的試題一定要做完，另外，如果覺(jué)得DELTA上的試題難度低，可以利用變速軟件加2倍速來(lái)做，這樣就會(huì)超越考試難度。
6.Subconscious listening practice
Subconscious listening practice，意思是“下意識(shí)的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)”，它指的是我們要自己為自己創(chuàng)造一個(gè)英文的環(huán)境，比如早晨一起床，我們就打開(kāi)音箱播放英語(yǔ)，可以是托福的聽(tīng)力材料，也可以是英文廣播，也可以是一部英文電影，whatever，只要是英文的就行。
托福聽(tīng)力： 聽(tīng)力筆記注意點(diǎn)
1、不是聽(tīng)寫(xiě)下許多許多內(nèi)容就可以捉到得分點(diǎn)。有很多人都經(jīng)歷過(guò)記了一大堆東西后，發(fā)現(xiàn)還是做不對(duì)題目，因?yàn)榈梅贮c(diǎn)的信息往往在記其他無(wú)用的東西時(shí)被忽略了。這就是把握信息點(diǎn)的問(wèn)題。關(guān)鍵的問(wèn)題還是提高記筆記的效能，而不是效率。提高的方法前面已經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)了。所以有人說(shuō)note taking到最后記的越來(lái)越少，但是正確率越來(lái)越高。
2、不要一聽(tīng)到教授開(kāi)始講話就趕緊去記錄。聽(tīng)的時(shí)候要注意內(nèi)容和主題的密切度，當(dāng)內(nèi)容不確定有沒(méi)有用的時(shí)候先記錄下部分關(guān)鍵詞，并且大腦要有個(gè)大致的印象它講了什么，實(shí)在不夠時(shí)間等后來(lái)再補(bǔ)上。
3、做筆記只且只要自己看得懂就可以了。大家做筆記的時(shí)候就按自己的思路來(lái)做記號(hào)和寫(xiě)單詞，不完整不正確一點(diǎn)關(guān)系都沒(méi)有，只要自己看得懂。
4、謹(jǐn)慎地查看和使用記錄的筆記，特別是只寫(xiě)下只言片語(yǔ)的地方。聽(tīng)力大忌之一是看到選項(xiàng)有與原文相同的字眼就選那個(gè)。有人說(shuō)新T的聽(tīng)力迷惑性大，因?yàn)檫x項(xiàng)往往是原文的同義改寫(xiě)，所以要真正理解了才能選對(duì)。
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