托福閱讀難點易錯題型解題思路實例解析之詞匯題

想要順利搞定全部10種題型保證較高的正確率，考生就不能使用千篇一律的思路解答不同的題型。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x難點易錯題型解題思路實例解析之詞匯題。希望能夠幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。

托福閱讀難點易錯題型解題思路實例解析：詞匯題

托福閱讀詞匯題解題基本思路介紹

詞匯題的主要目的是考察考生能否識別詞匯在陌生語境中的含義。既然強調(diào)語境，那么通過識別生詞附近的語境含義，往往可以推測出生詞的含義。我們來看一道新托福考試官方指南上的題目。

托福閱讀詞匯題解題思路實例講解

Several skeletons of another early whale, Basilosaurus, were found in sediments left by the Tethys Sea and now exposed in the Sahara desert.

6. The word exposed in the passage is closest in meaning to

A. Explained

B. Visible

C. Identified

D. Located

這道題目很多同學(xué)會選擇第四個選項(locate：坐落于…)，將這個含義帶入到語句當(dāng)中，意思也通順，指Basilosaurus坐落于撒哈拉沙漠。但是這里需要注意的是，托福的詞匯題并不是選項帶入搭配合適就一定能找到正確答案，而是應(yīng)該從語境入手來選擇。正確的做法是，首先查看生詞附近有無并列，轉(zhuǎn)折等語境上的含義暗示。本句當(dāng)中，生詞的前方有“and”來暗示并列，而從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來看，前半句中的動詞“found”，意思是“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，那么后半句的exposed對應(yīng)語境也應(yīng)該強調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)某物，即找到，或者看見某物。因此這道題目的正確答案選擇B(visible：可看見的)。

托福閱讀長難句練習(xí)：天然維生素

4.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones，that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs，that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like.

(并列同位語從句reports that…，that…，that…)

關(guān)于天然維生素優(yōu)于人造維生素，受精蛋比未受精蛋的營養(yǎng)價值更高，未經(jīng)熏蒸消毒處理的谷物比經(jīng)過處理的好等等報道屢見不鮮，但都沒有得到證實。

分句1：There are numerous unsubstantiated reports

分句2：natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones

分句3：that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs

分句4：that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like

分句1是整個長句的主句，分句2、分句3和分句4是并列關(guān)系，共同構(gòu)成分句1的同位語從句。本句的意思是有很多沒有經(jīng)過證實的報道，然后并列了三個未經(jīng)過證實的報道的從句。

托福閱讀長難句素材分析：守舊派小說

In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.

(特殊結(jié)構(gòu)characterized by…——以…為特征)

【譯句】盡管處于一個以拋棄大量現(xiàn)實主義傳統(tǒng)(以作家約翰巴思、唐納德巴塞爾姆和托馬斯.品欽為代表)為特征的時代，喬伊斯慍坓爾歐茨因為堅持自己小說本質(zhì)上模仿的特點，有時候看起來是一個堅定的守舊派。

分句1. characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth，Donald Barthelme，and Thomas Pynchon,

分句2. Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old-fashioned in her insistence OD the essentially mimetic quality of her fiction.

分句1 做時間狀語“In a period”的后置定語，補充修飾period，相當(dāng)于省略了 “which was”的定語從句。 分句2 是主句。

整個句子的難點在于找主句。 其實分句1的末尾是 "such as" 引導(dǎo)的三個人名的并列，在最后一個人名Thomas Pynchon前有"and", 說明這個列舉對象中的最后一個。所以整個句子的主干在T P 這個人后面出現(xiàn)。

托福閱讀材料：英國重提歐盟會員國資格問題

There’s been a strong reaction in European capitals to plans from Britain to renegotiate its membership of the European Union. The Prime Minister David Cameron said he wanted to stay in the EU but said there should be a referendum on the issue. Gavin Hewitt reports. Europe’s leaders and officials have been wary and uneasy at the prospect of David Cameron’s speech. In the event, it drew a mixed response. Some saw it as reckless, putting at risk Britain’s place in Europe. Others supported his call for a leaner, more flexible EU. The German Chancellor Angela Merkel was quick to say she was prepared to talk about Britain’s wishes, but she said a fair compromise was needed. The German and French leaders had coordinated their responses to the speech. The French too are willing to discuss a more open, leaner EU. What would be unacceptable to Paris would be a Europe a la carte.

英國計劃重新討論其歐盟會員國資格問題，歐洲各國對此反應(yīng)強烈。首相戴維?卡梅倫說他想留在歐盟，但在這個問題上應(yīng)該通過公投來決定。 Gavin Hewitt報道。 戴維?卡梅倫的講話令歐洲各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和政府官員們警惕與不安， 人們對此事反應(yīng)不一。 有些人認(rèn)為這過于魯莽，置英國在歐洲的地位于危險之地。 也有人支持卡梅隆，呼吁歐盟精簡，更富于靈活性。德國總理安吉拉?默克爾稱，她也準(zhǔn)備與英國談?wù)劊f，一個平等的妥協(xié)是必須的。 德國和法國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對此反應(yīng)一致，法國也很希望看到一個更開放精簡的歐盟， 法國不希望看到一個包辦一切的歐盟。