大家參加托福考試都是奔著高分去的，對(duì)于得高分的期待也沒(méi)有上限，越高越好。但是想要拿到高分，我們就要滿足高分的要求。。下面小編就和大家分享托福寫作高分攻略，希望能夠幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
托福寫作高分攻略
一.了解詞匯使用背景和習(xí)慣
例如，英美人對(duì)landlord和peasant兩詞的理解與中國(guó)人截然不同。英美人對(duì)前者的理解首先是“房東”，然后才是“地主”;而peasant一詞對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)意味著“粗俗”與“無(wú)知”，此詞多少帶有貶義色彩。再如propaganda一詞在中國(guó)并不帶有西方人所理解的貶意;而First lady (夫人)絕不能理解為漢語(yǔ)的原配夫人，因此在寫作中應(yīng)特別注意這類詞，否則會(huì)導(dǎo)致冒犯和誤解。由于東西方社會(huì)歷史文化的差異，許多詞所引申或代表的內(nèi)容也大相徑庭，Phoenix在西方象征“復(fù)活”、“再生”，而漢語(yǔ)的這一詞卻表示“祥瑞”。Peach在漢語(yǔ)中象征“長(zhǎng)壽”而在英語(yǔ)中卻用以指代“特別討人喜愛(ài)的人或物”。又比如在表示色彩的詞中g(shù)reen是青春的顏色，常表示希望、活力，但在英語(yǔ)中g(shù)reen又與“妒忌” (to be green with envy，green-eyed)和“沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的”(a green horn)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。如果沒(méi)有廣泛的閱讀積累，養(yǎng)成經(jīng)常查字典的良好習(xí)慣，單憑想當(dāng)然地選詞，勢(shì)必會(huì)詞不達(dá)意。即使同一事物，在美國(guó)和英國(guó)也可能有不同的表達(dá)。例如：corn一詞在美國(guó)指“玉米”而在英國(guó)泛指“谷物”;“地鐵”在英國(guó)用tube或underground美國(guó)則用subway。此類的例子還有pavement/sidewalk， Chemists‘ shop/drug store等。
二.區(qū)分同義詞才能更好地使用同義詞
由于歷史的原因，現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)除本族語(yǔ)外，還包括大量的法語(yǔ)和拉丁來(lái)源的飼，這就使英語(yǔ)的同義詞相當(dāng)豐富。總的來(lái)講，英語(yǔ)本族語(yǔ)大多是短詞，小詞，聽起來(lái)樸素)親切，大量用于口頭表達(dá)：法語(yǔ)來(lái)源的詞莊重文雅，多與行政、宗教、軍事、服飾等有關(guān);拉丁來(lái)源的詞，書卷味濃， 如ask，question，inter-rogate這三個(gè)不同來(lái)源的同義詞在不同的主題、對(duì)象、情景下用法就不一樣。同義詞除了來(lái)源的不同會(huì)影響措詞的選擇外，它們?cè)诔潭?、感情色彩上也有不同。比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean， thin，underweight，gaunt， lanky，skinny等來(lái)表達(dá)，而sleder表示“苗條”是褒義的，skinny卻是貶義的，underweight則是中性的詞。即使同是褒義詞，表達(dá)的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite兩個(gè)同義詞當(dāng)用來(lái)描繪女子時(shí)，都意為“個(gè)子小”的，但petite同時(shí)還有“勻稱”的意義，而little更強(qiáng)調(diào)“可愛(ài)的”或“可憐的”，根據(jù)不同的上下文，它還有“http://toefl.533.com纖小”、“嬌小”或“弱小”等不同意義。因此在選詞表達(dá)思想時(shí)，一定要分清主題，對(duì)象及情景。
另外，讓中國(guó)學(xué)生頭痛的是一些同義詞的習(xí)慣搭配。比如large和big都指“大”，但large通常用來(lái)修飾諸如number，amount及quantity(a large number of students，a large amount of money，a large quantity of wine，etc)。但象“勇氣”，“信心”，”能力”、“智慧”等表示個(gè)人素質(zhì)的名詞，人們通常用呷碰而不用big或large來(lái)修飾。由此可見，在英語(yǔ)寫作實(shí)踐中，區(qū)分同義詞的用法是相當(dāng)重要的。
三.英漢無(wú)對(duì)應(yīng)詞匯妥善處理
不是所有的英語(yǔ)詞匯都有相應(yīng)的漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)，一些不同的英語(yǔ)詞匯也有可能用同樣的漢語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)，這就使我們?cè)谟糜⒄Z(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)思想對(duì)面臨更多選擇上的困難。比如family和home兩詞都可譯成漢語(yǔ)的“家”，但它們卻不是同義詞。Family主要指家庭成員，與人有關(guān)，而home主要指所居住的地點(diǎn)、住宅。Except和besides有時(shí)都譯成同樣的漢語(yǔ)“除了”，但他們的意思卻是相反的。因此我們不能依賴于單純的漢語(yǔ)譯意。否則我們可能會(huì)被誤導(dǎo)。盡管許多英語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)的漢語(yǔ)詞匯都能表達(dá)它們真正的意思，但往往有些英語(yǔ)詞匯沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)確的漢語(yǔ)對(duì)應(yīng)詞;所以只有在不同的上下文中才能確定它們真正的意思，比如send一詞，如果單把它理解成漢語(yǔ)的“送”的話，象這樣的句子“她送信給我”也許會(huì)被寫成she sent me the letter.而英語(yǔ)準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)應(yīng)是she brought me the letter.再如“他將送朋友去機(jī)場(chǎng)”，如果寫成He will send his friend to the airpot。就又錯(cuò)了。正確的表達(dá)應(yīng)該是He will go to the airpot with his friend to see him off. 實(shí)際上send sth to a place 應(yīng)該是請(qǐng)別人送去，自己不去。因此，要確定我們所選的詞是否準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)，單憑查詞典還不行。
托福寫作高分離不開準(zhǔn)確用詞!大家在平時(shí)練習(xí)托福寫作的時(shí)候也應(yīng)該多注意這些方面，學(xué)習(xí)寫作詞匯的時(shí)候，不僅要了解文化背景知識(shí)，還要知道如何區(qū)分使用同義詞，最后還要知道如何處理無(wú)對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系的詞匯。
托福寫作語(yǔ)料：電話是否比電視影響更大
【類似題目】
1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement： The car (automobile) has had a greater effect on society than the airplane. 對(duì)于社會(huì)而言，汽車比飛機(jī)的影響更大，是否同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)? (2012年8月19日)
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, using e-mail/text messaging is better than using telephone/voice-messaging. 討論棘手的問(wèn)題，是不是電子郵件比電話更加合適? (2012年3月10日)
3. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement：Good teachers are more important to a child's development than good parents. 教師比家長(zhǎng)對(duì)于孩子的影響更大，是否認(rèn)同?
【托福獨(dú)立寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】：
1. 有效回應(yīng)題目，闡明文章主題。
2. 邏輯條理清楚，論證充分展開。
3. 內(nèi)容連貫一致，銜接自然流暢。
4. 遣詞造句地道，語(yǔ)言駕馭嫻熟。
【頭腦風(fēng)暴導(dǎo)言】：
“零電視族”、“無(wú)線互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代”、“手機(jī)客戶端”，初見此題，這些詞匯浮現(xiàn)腦海，所有科技產(chǎn)品對(duì)人們生活的影響無(wú)非是教育角度、信息角度、娛樂(lè)角度等。但是，即使是今日古稀之年的老者亦會(huì)使用微信交流，利用支付寶付費(fèi)。免費(fèi)的WI-FI在眾多公共場(chǎng)所已然普及，手機(jī)之影響潛移默化，勢(shì)不可擋。
【作家立場(chǎng)】：對(duì)比電視，手機(jī)給人們的生活帶來(lái)更多的便利，因此，手機(jī)更多地影響了人們的生活。
【文章布局】：
首段：背景介紹 + 爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn) + 作家立場(chǎng)
二段：次支持作家立場(chǎng)
三段：第二次支持作家立場(chǎng)
四段：第三次支持作家立場(chǎng)
尾段：讓步不支持觀點(diǎn)的合理性 + 再次亮明觀點(diǎn)
【思路拓展】：手機(jī)為何更多地影響人們的生活：
1. 交流角度：手機(jī)因其攜帶便利，可助人們危機(jī)處理。例如，老人出門感到身體不適，可以打緊急求助電話。再比如，年輕女孩錯(cuò)過(guò)了回家的末班車，可以通過(guò)電話求助親朋好友。
2. 娛樂(lè)角度：手機(jī)閱讀成為豐富人們精神生活的重要源泉。以我為例，我每日喜歡閱讀和分享微信的朋友圈圖文，在我遇到困境的時(shí)候，我喜歡求助于的朋友圈，通常，我的難題會(huì)迎刃而解，因此，手機(jī)成為我生活中不可缺少的部分。同時(shí)，手機(jī)成為現(xiàn)代人增強(qiáng)人際關(guān)系，拓寬交友圈的不可缺少的工具。例如，春季期間，人們習(xí)慣用微信拜年，發(fā)放電子紅包，讓親朋分享快樂(lè)。
3. 便利角度：我喜歡旅行，在旅途中，手機(jī)APP 給我的出行帶來(lái)極大的便利。我喜歡用手機(jī)軟件在《去哪兒》網(wǎng)預(yù)定機(jī)票和酒店。這不僅便利省時(shí)，而且，我可比較和選擇價(jià)格低廉，時(shí)間便利的航班，以及交通發(fā)達(dá)，口碑良好的酒店。我曾經(jīng)自駕旅行，手機(jī)高德地圖APP使我輕松抵達(dá)旅行目的地。
【思路拓展】：電視為何也影響人們的生活：
1.我不得不承認(rèn)：電視作為重要的科技產(chǎn)品，對(duì)于特定人群亦有影響。以老者為例，很多人不會(huì)使用手機(jī)復(fù)雜的功能，依然通過(guò)電視了解時(shí)政，消遣娛樂(lè)?？紤]到他們視力已然下降，因此，電視才是他們的獲取信息和娛樂(lè)放松的源泉。
【原創(chuàng)范文①】：支持電視比電話影響更大
首段：背景介紹 + 作家立場(chǎng)
Some people might fall into a dilemma when being asked to decide which is more influential in modern society，the mobile phone or the television. However, I always insist that the cell phone has been imposing greater impacts on our life.
【解析】：
1. Some people might fall into a dilemma when being asked to decide …… 當(dāng)被問(wèn)及到……的時(shí)候，也許有些人會(huì)陷入兩難選擇
2. However, I always insist that the cell phone has been imposing greater impacts on our life. 然而，我堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，手機(jī)對(duì)人們的生活影響更大。
二段：次支持作家立場(chǎng)
First，the reason why the mobile phone enjoys more popularity is that it enables users to contact others by a device that they can carry around, thus, it actually brings huge convenience to people’s communication. To illustrate, if a teenage girl misses the last bus, she can just ring her parents to pick her up. Likewise, it can be used in another emergent situation, if a senior citizen feel unwell when hanging out, then, he or she can just timely contact relatives via the cell phone.
【解析】：
1. It actually brings huge convenience to people’s communication. 這給人們的交流帶來(lái)極大的便利。
2. If a senior citizen feel unwell when hanging out, then, he or she can just timely contact relatives via the cell phone. 如果老人出門感到身體不適，他可以給及時(shí)地和家人聯(lián)系。
三段：第二次支持作家立場(chǎng)
Also，my personal experience can be taken as a convincing example. I am in the habit of browsing and sharing those thought-provoking articles and fascinating pictures by We-Chat almost every day. I usually resort to almighty circle of friends when I encounter some thorny problems. My difficulties，in most cases，can be effectively resolved after consulting friends’ suggestions. Hence, the cell phone has become an dispensable part in my life. Meanwhile，the mobile phone can effectively strengthen the interpersonal tie. More precisely，a popular trend is that Chinese people now prefer to express their benedictions via We-Chat and hand out electronic lucky money during the Spring Festival.
【解析】：
1. I am in the habit of browsing and sharing those thought-provoking articles and fascinating pictures via We-Chat我每日喜歡閱讀和分享微信朋友圈的圖文。
2. I usually resort to almighty circle of friends when I encounter some thorny problems my difficulties，in most cases，can be effectively resolved after consulting friends’ suggestions. 在我遇到困境的時(shí)候，我通常求助于的朋友圈。通常，我的難題會(huì)迎刃而解。
3. hence, the cell phone has become an dispensable part in my life. 因此，手機(jī)成為我生活中不可缺少的部分。
4. The mobile phone can effectively strengthen the interpersonal tie. 手機(jī)可以增強(qiáng)人際紐帶
5. Chinese people now prefer to express their benedictions via We-Chat and hand out electronic lucky money during the Spring Festival. 在春節(jié)期間，中國(guó)人更喜歡通過(guò)微信表達(dá)祝福，分享電子紅包。
四段：第三次支持作家立場(chǎng)
Last，the irreplaceable influence of the cell phone still lie in its useful App. As a fancier of
self-travel, I benefit a great deal from drawing on various cell phone App. When preparing the journey, I usually book hotels via Qunar application software. After comparing the relevant price and comments, I can freely choose those admirable and handy accommodations. Similarly, Gaode electronic map helps me quickly indentify my destination or choose the most economical and quickest public transport.
【解析】：
1. The irreplaceable influence of the cell phone still lie in its useful App. 手機(jī)不可替代的影響依然在于其便利的應(yīng)用程序。
2. After comparing the relevant price and comments, I can freely choose those admirable and handy accommodations. 對(duì)比相關(guān)價(jià)格和點(diǎn)評(píng)，我可自由選擇那些喜愛(ài)和便利的酒店。
3. Gaode electronic map helps me quickly indentify my destination or choose the most economical and quickest public transport. 高德電子地圖幫助我快速定位目的地，或者，幫助我選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)快捷的公共交通工具。
尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn) + 讓步不支持觀點(diǎn)的合理性
Indeed，the television is never without powerful influence, especially for the old. Many old people fail to harness complicated cell phone. Their special way of familiarizing themselves with the latest current events or entertaining themselves is still to watch Television. In this sense, television has its special group to serve. However, I firmly believe that the mobile will exert greater and far-reaching influences in this new era.
【解析】：
1. Indeed，the television is never without powerful influence 當(dāng)然，電視遠(yuǎn)非沒(méi)有其強(qiáng)大影響。
2. Their special way of familiarizing themselves with the latest current events or entertaining themselves is still to watch Television. 他們了解時(shí)事政治，自我娛樂(lè)的方式依然是看電視。
3. The mobile will exert greater and far-reaching influences in this new era. 在我們這個(gè)新時(shí)代，手機(jī)將會(huì)帶來(lái)更多的影響。
【原創(chuàng)范文②】：支持電視比電話影響更大
首段：背景介紹 + 爭(zhēng)議焦點(diǎn) + 作家立場(chǎng)
The 21st century has witnessed the prosperity of high-tech products, the contrivance of the telephone and television has profoundly revolutionized people’s life in many respects. People’s views differ greatly as to whether or not telephone exerts a far more profound impact on their lives compared with television. Personally speaking, television is more influential although telephone enjoys its unique merits.
【解析】：
1. The contrivance of …… has profoundly revolutionized people’s life in many respects. ……的發(fā)明在很多方面，極大地影響了人們的生活
2. Personally speaking, television is more influential although telephone enjoys its unique merits. 我認(rèn)為：電視的影響更大，盡管電話亦有其優(yōu)點(diǎn)。
二段： 電視為何更多地影響人們的生活：談及電視的教育功能
My first convincing argument could be easily explored. A variety of television shows have been gradually becoming an effective way to entertain modern people, who are living under a pool of pressure due to academic study or heavy workload. As for those students, so busy is the study life and so huge is the study stress that they nearly have no time available to enjoy some amusements such as playing games or hanging out with their friends, thus, watching television greatly conduces to relaxing their bodies and easing their minds. A survey conducted by Vista can justify my stand, after polling many teenagers, many respondents claimed that having a short break via watching television is their best stress-reducer.
【解析】：
1. So busy is the study life and so huge is the study stress that they nearly have no time available to enjoy some amusements 學(xué)生，生活繁忙，壓力巨大，以至于他們沒(méi)有時(shí)間娛樂(lè)放松。
2. Watching television greatly conduces to relaxing their bodies and easing their minds 看電視，極其有助于他們放松身心。
3. Having a short break via watching television is their best stress-reducer. 通過(guò)看電視短暫休息是他們的放松方式。
三段：電視為何更多地影響人們的生活：談及電視的娛樂(lè)功能
This issue reminds me of my friend Paul, who is a father with a eighteen-year-old child. As he said, some excellent TV programs such as “Lecture Room” can perfectly enact the role of educator, which can broaden children’s mental horizons and enlighten children’s wisdom. More precisely, those TV programs could exert a beneficial influence on children, namely, instructive programs could help those who are in the formative years to acquire a wealth of knowledge in different fields unconsciously.
【解析】：
1. Some excellent TV programs such as “Lecture Room” can perfectly enact the role of educator 一些的電視節(jié)目，例如《百家講壇》可完美扮演教育者的角色。
2. broaden children’s mental horizons and enlighten children’s wisdom 可以拓寬孩子視野，啟迪孩子智慧。
3. Instructive programs could help those who are in the formative years to acquire a wealth of knowledge in different fields unconsciously. 有教育意義的電視節(jié)目可以幫助孩子們不知不覺(jué)中學(xué)習(xí)很多領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)。
四段：電話為何也對(duì)人們的生活有影響：
Indeed, I have to concede that telephone also has indispensable roles to play in modern people’s life, especially serving the function of mutual communication. Thanks to the invention of the telephone, the distance among modern people has become more intimate. For instance, a large number of people use cell phone QQ, Skype and other App to chat with their friends or parents no matter how for they live from them. What I want to rebut，however，is that in comparison with the mobile phone, television could impose more positive influence on one’s mental growth, charter-training and acquisition of knowledge.
【解析】：
1. Telephone also has indispensable roles to play in modern people’s life 電話在人們的生活中也可以發(fā)揮不可缺少的作用。
2. What I want to rebut，however，is that …… 但是，我想要反駁的是……
3. Television could impose more positive influence on one’s mental growth, charter-training and acquisition of knowledge. 對(duì)于個(gè)人的精神成長(zhǎng)，性格培養(yǎng)，知識(shí)習(xí)得，電視的積極影響更大。
尾段：再次亮明觀點(diǎn) + (總結(jié)理由)
In a nutshell, my stand is that the limited benefits of the telephone could never outshine the entertainment and the educational benefits brought about by the television.
托福寫作：怎么做到善用例子
如動(dòng)物→鳥類，現(xiàn)代交通方式→飛機(jī)，上面的舉例是簡(jiǎn)單的形式，即對(duì)單個(gè)詞/短語(yǔ)，或說(shuō)單個(gè)對(duì)象舉例。我們?cè)讵?dú)立寫作中會(huì)遇到對(duì)單個(gè)對(duì)象的舉例，這也是大家都能做好的;但我們更常遇到的是需要對(duì)一個(gè)句子，或說(shuō)多個(gè)對(duì)象互相聯(lián)系而串成的觀點(diǎn)舉例的情況，這時(shí)我們就需要留意我們所舉的例子的有效性了。
托福寫作舉例的基本原則：
a. 細(xì)節(jié)性原則----細(xì)于被舉例者。
b. 一致性原則----良好體現(xiàn)與要用舉例證明的觀點(diǎn)的一致對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，觀點(diǎn)中的重點(diǎn)信息應(yīng)在例子中不多不少地體現(xiàn)。
新托福寫作真經(jīng)介紹的舉例的具體操作方法：
粗舉，細(xì)舉，引調(diào)查，列數(shù)字。
(1)粗例----粗獷的例子
“粗例”即一類人、物或事，或一個(gè)公認(rèn)事實(shí)的例子，說(shuō)白了就是多數(shù)人都能認(rèn)可的信息。尋找這類例子的時(shí)候比較輕松，只要在觀點(diǎn)中找出可以繼續(xù)細(xì)化的重點(diǎn)信息然后"narrow down"就可以了。
觀點(diǎn)1： Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.
粗例1： International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.
“粗例”可以建立“面”對(duì)“線”的關(guān)系，但需要注意不能太空洞，同時(shí)也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比較論證來(lái)使用，才能使整個(gè)段落更有血肉。
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