英語(yǔ)翻譯中包含很多知識(shí)點(diǎn)，無(wú)論是普通考試中的翻譯題型還是專業(yè)翻譯考試，在面對(duì)不簡(jiǎn)單的翻譯問(wèn)題時(shí)，我們都要做好準(zhǔn)備，稍不注意可能翻譯不到位，拿不到分。下面小編就和大家分享英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧：口譯干貨，希望能夠幫助到大家，來(lái)欣賞一下吧。
英語(yǔ)翻譯技巧：口譯干貨
一、同義反譯法
例如：
1. Only three customers remained in the bar.
酒吧間只有三個(gè)顧客還沒(méi)有走。(不譯：“還留著”或“還呆在那里”)
2. I'll be here for good this time.
這一次我再也不走了。(不譯：“永遠(yuǎn)在此呆下去”)
3. Please keep the fire burning when I'm out.
我不在家的時(shí)候，別讓爐子滅了。(不譯：“我外出時(shí)，請(qǐng)讓爐子繼續(xù)燒著”)
4. "Wait, he is serious."
等等，他不是說(shuō)著玩兒的。(不譯：”等等，他是認(rèn)真的。“)
5. "Now, Clara, be firm with the boy!"
聽(tīng)我說(shuō)，克拉拉，對(duì)這孩子可不能心軟。(不譯：”……對(duì)這孩子要堅(jiān)定“)
二、刪減解釋詞
例如：
The traveller in the south must often have remarked that peculiar air of refinement, that softness of voice and manner, which seems in many
cases to be a particular gift to the quotation and mulatto women.
到南方去的人看見(jiàn)那些黑白混血的女郎，一定會(huì)注意到她們十之89都有那種獨(dú)特的優(yōu)雅風(fēng)度、那種溫柔的聲音和文靜的舉止。
三、短句拆譯
例如：
" …on one sunshiny morning in June , …"
在六月里的一天早上，天氣晴朗……
四、譯詞推陳出新
例如：
When he might well have acted with boldness, he found himself filled with doubts, scruples and equivocations, in addition to the ordinary
fears of a lover.
原譯：當(dāng)他可以大膽行動(dòng)的時(shí)候，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己除了一個(gè)情人所具有的那種普通的害怕之外，心里還充滿懷疑、顧慮和躊躇。
改譯：等到他不妨放膽去追求的時(shí)候，他卻遲疑不定，顧慮重重。至于一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人那種常有的提心吊膽的心理，那就更是難免的了。
原詞 原譯 改譯
when 當(dāng)……的時(shí)候 等到……的時(shí)候
act with boldness 大膽行動(dòng) 放膽去追求
a lover 一個(gè)情人 一般墮入情網(wǎng)的人
ordinary fears 普通的害怕 種.種常有的提心吊膽的心理
in addition to 除了……之外 那就更是難免的了
五、解釋性添詞
例如：
"George, I'm ashamed of you! George, I couldn't have believed you would have done it! I always knew you to be a rolling stone that gathered
no moss; but I never thought you would have taken away what little moss there was for Bagnet and the children to lie upon," said Mrs. Bagnet.
”喬治，我真替你害臊﹗喬治，想不到你會(huì)干出這種事情來(lái)﹗俗話說(shuō)得好：滾著的碌碡不長(zhǎng)苔，流浪的漢子不攢財(cái)。我早知道你就是這么一個(gè)流浪漢﹗可真沒(méi)有想到你連貝格納特和孩子們靠它過(guò)活的那一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)財(cái)也騙走“，貝格納特太太說(shuō)道。
六、詞無(wú)定譯
例如：
It is quite useless to ask whether Vanderbilt was criminally prosecuted or civilly sued by the Government. Not only was he unmolested, but
two years later, he carried on another huge swindle upon the Government under peculiary heinous conditions.
我們根本不必追問(wèn)政府是否根據(jù)刑法或民法對(duì)范德比爾特提出起訴。范德比爾特不僅逍遙法外，而且在兩年后又以極其兇狠的手段對(duì)政府進(jìn)行過(guò)一次巨大的詐騙。
七、精煉譯詞
例如：
A new dignity crept into his walk.
原譯：走路的姿態(tài)不知甚么時(shí)候開(kāi)始給人一種莊重的印象。
改譯：走起路來(lái)，不覺(jué)平添了幾分尊嚴(yán)。
八、刪削"When"字
例如
1. When he saw me, he was startled.
他看見(jiàn)我，嚇了一大跳，(不譯：當(dāng)他看見(jiàn)我的時(shí)候……)
2. "When your gals takes on and cry, what's the use of cracking on them over the head, and knocking on them round?"
”你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心，你還拿鞭子沒(méi)頭沒(méi)腦的抽，把她們打得死去活來(lái)，那有什么用呢?“(不譯：當(dāng)你那些女黑奴哭得那么傷心的時(shí)候，你還拿鞭子……)
九、感嘆詞的不同譯法
例如：
1. "O, don't mother! I should like the flowers; do give them to me; I want them!"
"Why, Eva, your room is full now."
”媽媽，別這樣﹗我喜歡這些花，把花給我吧，我要﹗
“得了吧，伊娃，你屋里的花都滿了。”
2. "Well, that's odd!" said Marie. "What in the world do you want that for?"
“喲，真是怪事﹗”瑪利說(shuō)，“你干嘛非要這個(gè)不可?”
十、順拆法
例如：
His delegation agreed with the Executive Director/ that the fund should continue working/ for a better understanding of the interrelationship
between economic, social and demographic factors.
原譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任關(guān)于該基金會(huì)應(yīng)繼續(xù)為更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和人口的相互關(guān)系而努力的意見(jiàn)。
改譯：他的代表團(tuán)同意執(zhí)行主任的意見(jiàn)，認(rèn)為該基金會(huì)應(yīng)繼續(xù)努力， 以求更好地了解經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和人口這三方面的相互關(guān)系。
翻譯資格考試口譯初級(jí)模擬試題
The “standard of living” of a country means the average person' s② share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’ s standard of living， therefore， depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth” in this sense is not money， for we do not live on ② money but on things that money can buy： “goods” such as food and clothing， and “services” such as transport and entertainment.
A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors， most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources， such as coal， gold， and other minerals， water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals， and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate; other regions possess none of them.
難點(diǎn)提示：
①一般人，老百姓
②靠……為生
參考譯文：
任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平，指的是那個(gè)國(guó)家生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品和提供的服務(wù)為普通老百姓分享的情況。因此，一個(gè)國(guó)家的生活水平，首先取決于它創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力。在這個(gè)意義上，財(cái)富并不是指金錢，因?yàn)槲覀兩婵康牟皇清X，而是靠錢能買到的東西：比如食物和衣服這些“產(chǎn)品”，交通和娛樂(lè)這些“服務(wù)”。
一個(gè)國(guó)家創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的能力取決于很多因素，其中大部分因素相互作用。財(cái)富在很大程度上依賴于一個(gè)國(guó)家的自然資源，比如煤礦、金礦和其他礦物質(zhì)、水源等等。世界上有些地區(qū)煤礦和礦物質(zhì)的儲(chǔ)量豐富，土壤肥沃，氣候適宜，其他地區(qū)卻一樣都不具備。
2020年翻譯資格考試口譯三級(jí)精選詞匯
nine-year compulsory education
九年義務(wù)教育
take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 考研
extracurricular 課外的
extracurricular activities 課外活動(dòng)
class discussion 課堂討論
required / compulsory course 必修課
elective / optional course 選修課
basic course 基礎(chǔ)課
specialized course 專業(yè)課
school schedule 課程表
seminar 研究小組;討論會(huì)
teaching program; syllabus 教學(xué)大綱
period of schooling 學(xué)習(xí)年限
record of formal schooling 學(xué)歷
school / academic year 學(xué)年
(school) term; semester 學(xué)期
credit 學(xué)分
academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 兩院院士
heuristic education 啟發(fā)式教學(xué)
hot topic 熱門話題
talents exchange 人才交流
competition for talented people 人才戰(zhàn)
Business English Certificate (BEC)
商務(wù)英語(yǔ)證書(shū)
academy of design 設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)院
institute of physical culture 體育學(xué)院
enrolment rate for children of school age
適齡兒童入學(xué)率
to confer a degree on / to sb. / for sth. (e.g. thesis) 授予某人學(xué)位
proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 升學(xué)率
(state) stipend / subsidy / financial aid
(國(guó)家)助學(xué)金
a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 碩博連讀
Songjiang College Town 松江大學(xué)城
quality-oriented education 素質(zhì)教育
cramming method of teaching 填鴨式教育
simultaneous interpretation 同聲傳譯
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) 托福
block release 脫產(chǎn)進(jìn)修
short-term training course 短訓(xùn)班
faculty, students and staff 師生員工
the faculty; teaching staff 教學(xué)人員
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