Lesson 35 Space odyssey太空探索
First listen and then answer the following question.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
When will it be possible for us to think seriously about colonising Mars?
The Moon is likely to become the industrial hub of the Solar System, supplying the rocket fuels fro its ships, easily obtainable from the lunar rocks in the from of liquid oxygen. The reason lies in its gravity. Because the Moon has only an eightieth of the Earth's mass, it requires 97 per cent less energy to travel the quarter of a million miles from the Moon to Earth-orbit than the 200 mile-journey from Earth's surface into orbit!
月球很可能成為太陽系的工業中心。從月球上的巖石中很容易提煉出液態氧，作為航天飛船的燃料。其原因在于月球的重力。因為月球的重只有地球的1/8，因此，從月球到地球的25萬英里所消耗的能量要比從地球表面進入地球軌道的200英里所耗能量少97%。
This may sound fantastic, but it is easily calculated. To escape from the Earth in a rocket, one must travel at seven miles per second. The comparable speed from the Moon is only 1.5 miles per second. Because the gravity on the Moon's surface is only a sixth of Earth's (remember how easily the Apollo astronauts bounded along), it takes much less energy to accelerate to that 1.5 miles per second than it does on Earth. Moon-dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three per cent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial dwellers will be able to fly in space at only three per cent of the cost of similar journeys by their terrestrial cousins.
這點聽起來令人難以置信，但卻很容易計算出來。要乘坐一枚火箭飛離地球，火箭的速度要達到每秒7英里，而從月球出發的相應速度史是每秒1.5英里。由于月 球表面的重力僅是地球表面的1/6 -- 還記得阿波羅飛船中的宇航員累松地跳躍 -- 在月球上加速到每秒1.5英里比在地球上所用能源要少得多。月球居民在太空遨游的費用僅是地球上朋友飛越同樣路所需費用的3%。
Arthur C. Clark once suggested a revolutionary idea passes through three phases:
1 'It's impossible -- don't waste my time.'
2 'It's possible, but not worth doing.'
3 'I said it was a good idea all along.'
亞瑟.C.克拉克曾提議，一種創新的想法要經過以下3個階段：
1 “根本不可能，不要浪費我的時間。”
2 “可能，但不值得做。”
3 “我一直說這是個好想法。”
The idea of colonising Mars -- a world 160 times more distant time the Moon -- will move decisively from the second phase to the third, when a significant number of people are living permanently in space. Mars has an extraordinary fascination for would-be voyagers. America, Russia and Europe are filled with enthusiasts -- many of them serious and senior scientists -- who dream of sending people to it. Their aim is understandable. It is the one world in the Solar System that is most like the Earth. It is a world of red sandy deserts (hence its name -- the Red Planet), cloudless skies, savage sandstorms, chasms wider than the Grand Canyon and at least one mountain more than twice as tall as Everest. It seems ideal for settlement.
如果有相當數量的人永久性地住在太空，征服火星的計劃 -- 一個比月球遠160倍的星球 -- 就可以明確地從第2階段進入第3階段。火星對未來的星際旅客說有著特殊的魅力。美國、俄羅斯和歐洲都有許多熱心此項事業的人 -- 其中的不少是認真和資深的科學家，他們一直夢想著把人送上火星。他們的目標是可以理解的。火星是太陽系里與地球最接近的一顆行星。這是一個紅色沙漠的世界 （因而得名：紅色行星），無云的天空，兇猛的沙暴，比大峽谷還寬的裂縫，起碼有一座山有珠穆朗瑪峰的近兩倍高。看起來，它很合適居住。
New words and expressions 生詞和短語
hub
n. （活動的）中心
lunar
adj. 月球的
oxygen
n. 氧氣
Apollo
n. 阿波羅
accelerate
v. 加速
terrestrial
adj. 地球的
permanently
adv. 永遠地
fascination
n. 魅力
senior
adj. 資歷深的，年長的
chasm
n. 斷層，裂口
canyon
n. 峽谷
Notes on the text課文注釋
1 the comparable speed from the Moon, 從月球出發的相應的速度，這里是指擺脫月球引力所需達到的速度。
2 the Apollo astronauts, 指1969年7月20日美國“阿波羅11號”宇宙飛船第一次載人登月。
3 the Grand Canyon,美國亞利桑那州西北部的科羅拉多河的大峽谷。
Lesson 35 課后練習和答案Exercises and Answer
