為了方便同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí),下面小編就和大家分享新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson31~35課文注釋,希望有了這些內(nèi)容的幫助,可以為大家學(xué)習(xí)新概念英語(yǔ)提供幫助!
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課文注釋Lesson31
1.Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 在退休前,弗蘭克是一家非常大的商業(yè)公司的經(jīng)理,但他小時(shí)侯卻在一家小鋪里做工。
(1)head在此處的意思不是人或動(dòng)物的“頭部”,而是“首領(lǐng)”、“頭目”,一般出現(xiàn)在“the head of +名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中:
John is the head of the family.
約翰是一家之主。
Frank is the head of that firm.
弗蘭克是那家公司的總裁。
(2) as在這里為介詞,表不“當(dāng)……時(shí)”,as a boy相當(dāng)于 as he was a boy。
2.It was his job to repair bicycles…他那時(shí)的工作是修理自行車……
it為“先行主語(yǔ)”,句子的真正主語(yǔ)為to repair bicycles。
3.He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. 他靠多年積蓄,于1958年買(mǎi)下了自己的一個(gè)小鋪?zhàn)印?/p>
(1)for years表示“許多年”。
(2)of one's own為固定短語(yǔ),表示“自己的”、“屬于自己的”,own為代詞:
He wanted a room of his own.
他想要一個(gè)自己的房間。
Do you have a house of your own?
你有自己的房子嗎?
4.in one's twenties,(在某人)二十多歲的時(shí)候。
one's twenties/thirties/forties…,二十多歲/三十多歲/四十多歲……10的倍數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式可用于表達(dá)近似的、非確定的數(shù)量,與所有格形容詞(my等)連用時(shí)表示大約的年齡:
My aunt Jennifer is in her late thirties/early forties, but she often appears on the stage as a young girl.
我的姑媽詹妮弗已接近四十歲/四十出頭,但她卻常在舞臺(tái)上扮演小姑娘。
5.Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success. 弗蘭克回想著他早年的艱難經(jīng)歷和走過(guò)的漫長(zhǎng)的成功之路,微笑了。
(1)hard意思很多,在這里指“艱難的”、“困苦的”:
She lived a hard life in those years.
那些年她的生活很艱難。
(2)one's early years指某人的早年(生活),意義相近的表達(dá)方式為early in one's life。
(3) the long road to success是一種比喻的說(shuō)法,因?yàn)閟uccess是抽象名詞。to在這里表示方向、目的地,意義為“朝”、“往”、“向”等,這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的字面意義為“通向成功的漫漫長(zhǎng)路”。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課文注釋Lesson32
1.People are not so honest as they once were. 人們不再像以前那樣誠(chéng)實(shí)了。
(1)“not so + 形容詞+ as”引導(dǎo)的是比較狀語(yǔ)從句,表示較低的程度,通常譯為“不如……那樣……”。(cf.本課語(yǔ)法)
(2)once表示“以前”、“曾經(jīng)”時(shí)只能與動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式連用:
He once worked at a large company.
他曾經(jīng)在一家大公司工作過(guò)。
2.The temptation to steal is greater than ever before…偷竊的誘惑力比以往任何時(shí)候都更強(qiáng)烈……
(1)不定式 to steal為 temptation的定語(yǔ),說(shuō)明是什么樣的誘惑。
to引導(dǎo)不定式和to作為介詞的區(qū)別很大:
The temptation to smoke is strong for him.
對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)吸煙有很強(qiáng)的誘惑力。(to smoke為不定式)
The cake on the table is a great temptation to the child.
桌上的蛋糕對(duì)那孩子是個(gè)極大的誘惑。(to the child為介詞短語(yǔ))
(2)ever用于表示比較的從句中時(shí)意義為“曾經(jīng)”、“以往任何時(shí)候”。在這句話中,省略的成分比較多,與ever before相比的是隱含的時(shí)間now,從句中省略成分為 it was(在 ever之前)。大多數(shù)含有比較狀語(yǔ)從句的句子都可以省略句中的成分。
3.on Monday mornings,在星期一上午。
morning用復(fù)數(shù)形式是表示經(jīng)常性的情況,它前面有修飾詞Monday,所以介詞要用on。
4.One Monday, there were fewer people in the shop than usual when the woman came in, so it was easier for the detective to watch her. 有一個(gè)星期一,當(dāng)這位婦女走進(jìn)這家商場(chǎng)時(shí),里面的人比往常少,因此,偵探比較容易監(jiān)視她。
(1)one在此處表示“某一個(gè)”,不能用a 代替。
(2)這個(gè)句子較長(zhǎng),there were引導(dǎo)的是主句,when引導(dǎo)的是它的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,so引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,在主句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中又分別隱含比較狀語(yǔ)從句。在結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句 中,it為先行詞,真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式短語(yǔ)for the detective to watch her。不定式短語(yǔ)往往較長(zhǎng),作主語(yǔ)時(shí)通常要用先行詞it作為形式主語(yǔ):
It is easy for you to help me.
你幫助我是很容易的。
5.as quickly as possible,以最快的速度。
as…as possible為固定短語(yǔ),表示“盡可能”:
He went home as soon as possible.
他盡快回了家。
I have sent you as many books as possible.
我已經(jīng)把書(shū)盡可能多地給你送來(lái)了。
6.Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop without paying. 然后,那婦女拿過(guò)包就走出了商場(chǎng),根本沒(méi)有付錢(qián)。
simply表示“僅僅”、“只”,有加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用。連詞and表示動(dòng)作的連續(xù),相當(dāng)于 and then。withoug paying可以當(dāng)成是整個(gè)句子的方式狀語(yǔ),即那婦女沒(méi)有,……就……paying為動(dòng)名詞。
7.The girl‘gave’her mother a free dress once a week! 那姑娘每星期“送”她母親一件免費(fèi)的衣服!
(1) gave加引號(hào),表示姑娘不是真正給,而是偷。
(2) free在這里的含義為“免費(fèi)的”、“不要錢(qián)的”:
Children under five years old travel free.
5歲以下兒童免費(fèi)旅行。
Tom gave me two free tickets.
湯姆給了我兩張免費(fèi)的票。
(3)“once a+ 表示時(shí)間的名詞”可以表示頻率:
He comes to the office once a day.
他每天來(lái)辦公室一次。
Frank writes to his mother once a month.
弗蘭克每個(gè)月給他母親寫(xiě)一次信。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課文注釋Lesson33
1.Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 幾乎過(guò)了一個(gè)星期,那姑娘才能講述自己的遭遇。
(1) 這句話有兩個(gè)從句。before一直到結(jié)尾是句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。在這個(gè)從句中,explain又有自己的賓語(yǔ)從句,what為這個(gè)從句的主語(yǔ)。
(2) before在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),有時(shí)不一定譯為“在……之前”,雖然表達(dá)的是這個(gè)意思,如文中的這句話。類似的情況有:
It will be months before he can come back.
要過(guò)好幾個(gè)月他才能回來(lái)。
He ran off before his mother could stop him.
他母親還沒(méi)來(lái)得及阻止他,他就跑掉了。
2.One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm. 一天下午,她乘小船從海岸出發(fā),遇上了風(fēng)暴。
(1) 我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò) set out表示“出發(fā)”:
Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock.
艾利森船長(zhǎng)將于8點(diǎn)鐘啟航。
set out from表示“從……出發(fā)”。
(2) be caught in表示某人“(突然)遇到/上(風(fēng)暴等)”:
He was caught in a heavy rain on the way home.
他在回家途中遇到了大雨。
3.Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water. 她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸邊。
介詞after的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞spending及這個(gè)動(dòng)名詞的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ),這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)在意義上等于 after she had spent the whole nightin the water。
4.During that time she covered a distance of eight miles. 在那段時(shí)間里,她游了8英里。
(1)that time指上句話中提到的the whole night。
(2)cover可以籠統(tǒng)地表示“行過(guò)(一段路程)”,根據(jù)上下文可具體譯為“走過(guò)”、“飛過(guò)”、“游過(guò)”等:
The bird covered the distance in three minutes.
這只鳥(niǎo)用3分鐘飛完了全程。
(3)表示具體的距離可以用“a distance of+ 具體長(zhǎng)度”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.high up on the cliffs,在高高的峭壁上。
up為形容詞,表示“在上面的”、“高高的”、“在較高處的”,high為副詞,修飾up。
6.On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towardsthe light she had seen.
到達(dá)岸邊后,姑娘朝著她看到的燈光方向掙扎著往峭壁上爬去。
(1)“on+ 動(dòng)名詞”相當(dāng)于 as soon as或 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句:
On reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.
他一到機(jī)場(chǎng)就被警察逮捕了。
(2)she had seen為 the light的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞 that/which省略了。
(3)up 在此處為介詞,表示“沿著……往上”。
7.That was all she remembered. 她所記得的就是這些。
that指前面(從第2句話開(kāi)始)描述的內(nèi)容。she remembered為all 的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系代詞that(不能用which)被省略了。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson34課文注釋
1.Dan Robinson has been worried all week. 丹·魯賓遜焦慮了整整一個(gè)星期。
worried 在這里可以當(dāng)成是形容詞,表示“焦慮的”、“擔(dān)心的”。worry 也可以作及物動(dòng)詞,表示“使擔(dān)心/發(fā)愁”等:
She appears to be worried by/ about something.
好像有什么事使她發(fā)愁。(用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),過(guò)去分詞與形容詞意義差不多)
2.the local police,當(dāng)?shù)鼐炀帧?/p>
local 可以表示“地方性的”或“當(dāng)?shù)氐摹薄ⅰ氨镜氐摹保?/p>
a local newspaper 地方性報(bào)紙
local news 本地新聞
local shops鄰近的商店
3.Dan wondered why he was wanted by the police…丹奇怪警察為什么找他……
(1) wonder表示“想知道”時(shí)后面往往跟疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的從句:She wondered who that man was/ what had happened. 她想知道那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)/到底發(fā)生了什么事。
(2) want用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)可以表示“想與(某人見(jiàn)面、談話等)”或“緝拿”、“追捕”:
Please wait a minute. I'm wanted on the phone.
請(qǐng)等一下。有我的電話。
This is the man (who is) wanted by the police.
這就是警察在追捕的那個(gè)人。
4.a smiling policeman ,一位面帶笑容的警察。
smiling 為現(xiàn)在分詞,作定語(yǔ),其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。還可以說(shuō):
a sleeping dog 一只睡著的狗
a worried face 一張焦慮的臉
5.Five days ago, the policeman told him, the bicycle was picked up in a small village four hundred miles away. 那位警察對(duì)他說(shuō),那輛自行車是5天前在400英里外的一個(gè)小村里發(fā)現(xiàn)的。
(1)這句話實(shí)際上是一個(gè)間接引語(yǔ)(cf.第15課語(yǔ)法),其正常語(yǔ)序應(yīng)為: The policeman told him that five days ago the bicycle was picked up…語(yǔ)序變化后,the policeman told him成了插入成分,引導(dǎo)從句的that也被省略,引述的部分被分割成兩部分。
(2) four hundred miles away修飾 village,相當(dāng)于從句 which wasfour hundred miles away。
(3) pick up的含義之一為“(偶然地、無(wú)意地)獲得”、“找到”、“學(xué)會(huì)”:
I've picked up a bad cold.
我得了重感冒。
I picked up some French while travelling in Paris.
在巴黎游覽期間我學(xué)了幾句法語(yǔ)。
He picked up the book in a small library.
他在一個(gè)小圖書(shū)館發(fā)現(xiàn)了那本書(shū)。
6.It is now being sent to his home by train.現(xiàn)在正用火車給他運(yùn)回家來(lái)。
這句話是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),其結(jié)構(gòu)為“am/is/are+ be-ing+過(guò)去分詞”(cf.第10課語(yǔ)法):
The clavichord is being repaired by a friend of my father's.
父親的一個(gè)朋友正在修理這架古鋼琴。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson35課文注釋
1.A short while ago, however, he became a bus driver and be has not regretted it.然而就在前不久,他開(kāi)上了公共汽車,也并不為此而感到后悔。
(1)while作名詞表示“一會(huì)兒”、“(一段)時(shí)間”時(shí)常與a連用,有時(shí)也與the,this等連用:
They haven't seen each other for a long while.
他們有很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)見(jiàn)面了。
Have you been in Australia all this while?
這段時(shí)間你一直在澳大利亞嗎?
I saw her a short while ago.
我剛才還見(jiàn)到她了。
(2)句尾的it代指 he became a bus driver這件事。
2.far more exciting,令人興奮得多。
在形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)與級(jí)前面,可以用far(相當(dāng)于much)來(lái)表示強(qiáng)調(diào):
It's for/ much colder today than it was yesterday.
今天比昨天要冷得多。
Houses are far/ much more expensive these days.
如今的房?jī)r(jià)貴多了。
This is(by) far the most expensive bicycle in the shop.
這是這家商店里最貴的自行車。(比其他的要貴好多)
3.… saw two thieves rush out of a shop and run towards a waiting car.……
看到兩個(gè)小偷從一家商店里沖出來(lái),奔向等在那里的一輛汽車。
(1) see和其他一些感知?jiǎng)釉~(如 feel, hear,notice, smell, watch 等)
可以用在動(dòng)詞+名詞或代詞賓語(yǔ)+不帶to的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中;
I saw him climb through the window.
我看見(jiàn)他爬進(jìn)窗戶。
這些動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于不定式的主語(yǔ),上句即:
I saw that he climbed through the window.
(譯文同上)
在課文中的這句話中,rush和run是two thieves的兩個(gè)連續(xù)的動(dòng)作。
(2) waiting為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),表示“等待著的”、“等在那里的”。
4.The one with the money got such a fright that he dropped the bag.拿錢(qián)的那個(gè)小偷嚇得把提包都扔了。
(1)with 表示“帶著”、“拿著”。
(2) such(a)+名詞+ that與 so+形容詞+ that一樣,后面引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,通常譯為“如此……以致……”:
They are such wonderful players that they will surely win the game.
他們都是如此出色的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,所以肯定能在這場(chǎng)比賽中獲勝。
5.As the thieves were trying to get away in their car, Roy drove his bus into the back of it. 當(dāng)那兩個(gè)小偷企圖乘車逃跑時(shí),羅伊駕駛他的公共汽車撞在了那輛車的后尾上。
(1)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 get away 的含義之一為“逃跑”、“逃脫”:
How did the thief get away?
小偷是如何逃掉的?
(2)句尾的it指小偷的那輛小汽車; back 指車的“后部”、“尾部”;drive into 的原義為“把(汽車)開(kāi)進(jìn)”,這里是指撞上。
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