托福閱讀修辭目的題出題形式簡介

托福閱讀中既有不需要思考太多直接就能從原文找到答案的題目，也有需要考生自己主動思考分析才能得出結(jié)論的題目。今天小編給大家?guī)砹送懈ｉ喿x修辭目的題出題形式簡介,希望能夠幫助到大家，一起來學習吧。

托福閱讀修辭目的題出題形式簡介

托福閱讀修辭目的題的格式是這個樣子的：“why does author mention ”注意這里的why不是定位文中的because來找答案，而是應采取這樣一種思維即：題干作為一個細節(jié)，其存在的價值是為了支撐前面出現(xiàn)的觀點，所以答案在題干細節(jié)出現(xiàn)的位置前面去找，也就是找到觀點 (注意避開其他同樣支撐觀點的細節(jié))

修辭目的題解題思路實例分析

實例1：

Paragraph 6: But neither the human imitativeinstinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition seems tobe a somewhat detached view of human problems. For example, one sign of thiscondition is the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficientdetachment to view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather thanas serious threats to the welfare of the entire group. Another condition thatcontributes to the development of autonomous theater is the emergence of theaesthetic sense.

2. Why does the author mention “comedy”?

A. To give an example of early types of theater.

B. To explain how theater helps a society respond to threats to its welfare.

C. To help explain why detachment is needed for the development of theater.

D. To show how theatrical performers become detached from other members of society.

本題中的comedy雖為一個小詞，看似不起眼，但是它所存在的句子，句首為for example，這就構(gòu)成了明顯的舉例關系，所以答案還是在前面找這個例子所證明的觀點。第一句中的neither直接否定了兩個觀點，后面出現(xiàn)的therefore帶起的句子是個過渡，第三句中才給出了detached view這一觀點，因此看A項中沒有detached相關的內(nèi)容，排除，B項提到了welfare，無關信息，排除。C和D提到了detach但是D項中的other members沒有提到。故，選C。

實例2：

The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.

1. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?

A.To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other.

B.To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.

C.To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies.

D.To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes.

本題中的利用題干中的landing gear很好定位，答案在此信息之前，文章作者用airplane來舉例說明landing gear的功能，它受到這個的啟發(fā)來自于fin are tucked into the grooves ordepressions(魚鰭藏于側(cè)身凹槽而不會破壞其本身的流線型題型)。而CD選項都提到了design, 但是C提到 了airplane engine，這一概念文中并未提及，所以是錯誤的，正確答案是D項。

托福閱讀的答題技巧

在腦子里面形成一個作者思路圖

在腦子里或者在草稿紙上畫一個托福閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)思路題。各個段落的目的是什么，主題又是什么?再次提醒，TOEFL考察的是你的答題能力而非閱讀能力，這就需 要一些托福閱讀技巧。你不必完全掌握整篇文章，了解文章中的每一個細節(jié)。(其實，你也沒有那么多時間)。相反，你應該只讀文章段落的第1句，而快速瀏覽其 余部分。當你"讀"完這篇文章時，你就能對文章的結(jié)構(gòu)思路有總體的把握。

停下來，總結(jié)一下文章大意

在回答問題前，花幾秒鐘總結(jié)一下文章的思路和主題。

開始答題

根據(jù)你對文章的整體思路來答題。將問題(或選項)定位到文章中具體的某個段落甚至具體的句子。這里，你可以比第2個步驟更仔細。

托福閱讀：倒裝句的解讀

托福閱讀中的倒裝句主要有下列情況：

1.方位副詞放在句首

Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine。

2.介詞放在句首

Among the species of seabirds that use the windswept cliffs of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate， lay eggs， and rear their young are common murres， Atlantic puffins， black-legged kittiwakes， and northern gannets。

3.形容詞放在句首

Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well： that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which sculptors must bring own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony。

4.過去分詞放在句首

Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”， the film has never been， in the full sense of the word， silent。

5.現(xiàn)在分詞放在句首

Missing until recently were fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans。

句子倒裝的目的主要有兩個：

一是被提前的部分被強調(diào)，如上述的第四句：Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”，其中的accustomed按照正常語序應該放在are之后：Though we are accustomed to speaking of the films made before 1927 as “silent”。之所以將accustomed提前，是為了強調(diào)它。二是為了句子的平衡，否則將導致頭重腳輕的效果，如上述的第一句、第三句和第五句。以第五句為例，按照正常語序應該是：Fossils clearly intermediate， or transitional， between land mammals and cetaceans were missing until recently。但是這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較糟糕，因為主語及其修飾語過長(從句首直到cetaceans)，而謂語部分were missing until recently較短，容易造成頭重腳輕的效果。第五句將missing提前，避免了這一現(xiàn)象。

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