Lesson 22 A glass envelope玻璃信封
First listen and then answer the question.聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
How did Jane receive a letter from a stranger?
My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland.
我的女兒簡(jiǎn)從未想過(guò)會(huì)接到荷蘭一位同齡姑娘的來(lái)信
Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle.
去年，當(dāng)我們橫渡英吉利海峽時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)把寫(xiě)有她姓名和住址的一張紙條裝進(jìn)了一只瓶子
She threw the bottle into the sea. She never thought of it again, but ten months later, she received a letter from a girl in Holland.
又將瓶子扔進(jìn)了大海。 此后她就再?zèng)]去想那只瓶子。但10個(gè)月以后，她收到了荷蘭一位姑娘的來(lái)信
Both girls write to each other regularly now. However, they have decided to use the post office.
現(xiàn)在這兩位姑娘定期通信了。然而她們還是決定利用郵局
Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster.
這樣會(huì)稍微多花點(diǎn)錢(qián)，但肯定是快得多了。
New words and Expressions生詞和短語(yǔ)
dream
v. 做夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想
age
n. 年齡
channel
n. 海峽
throw
v. 扔，拋
Notes on the text課文注釋
1 dreamed of receiving a letter，想到會(huì)收到一封信。dream of作、‘夢(mèng)想”，“幻想”講;receiving是勸名詞。作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。
2 last year, we were travelling across the Channel and...去年，當(dāng)我們橫渡英吉利海峽時(shí)...。這是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的一種用法，用來(lái)敘述故事情節(jié)的背景。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)描述背景，由此引出一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的新動(dòng)作。
3 with her name and address on it用來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明a piece of paper。可譯作“寫(xiě)有她姓名和地址的(一張紙條)”。
Lesson 22 自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀First things first
課文詳注 Further notes on the text1．A glass envelope, （標(biāo)題）玻璃信封。
因?yàn)榈谝环庑攀茄b在瓶子里的，瓶子便成了那張寫(xiě)有地址的紙條的玻璃信封。
2．My daughter, Jane, never dreamed of receiving a letter from a girl of her own age in Holland. 我的女兒簡(jiǎn)從未想過(guò)會(huì)收到荷蘭一位同齡姑娘的來(lái)信。
文中 dreamed of后面的部分都是賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞 receiving帶有自己的賓語(yǔ) a letter。（ cf. 第 20課語(yǔ)法）receive… from…表示“從……收到……”。
3．Last year, we were travelling across the Channel and Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. 去年，當(dāng)我們橫渡英吉利海峽時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)把寫(xiě)有她姓名和住址的一張紙條裝進(jìn)了一只瓶子。
（1）在寫(xiě)到過(guò)去的事情時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以連用。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往用來(lái)表示背景，一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
在這句話中，travelling across the Channel是個(gè)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的背景動(dòng)作。
?。?）the Channel=the English Channel（channel如果大寫(xiě)，并且除了the以外沒(méi)有其他定語(yǔ)時(shí)，則指英吉利海峽）。
?。?）with在這里表示“有”、“帶有”、“具有”等，指紙條上寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容。
4．She never thought of it again…
此后她就再?zèng)]去想那只瓶子……
think of指“考慮”、“想”、“想起”等：
Do you ever think of the girls you met at a party?
你會(huì)想起你在一個(gè)晚會(huì)上遇到的姑娘們嗎？
5．Both girls write to each other regularly now. 現(xiàn)在這兩位姑娘定期通信了。
both的用法在第14課詞匯學(xué)習(xí)中已經(jīng)講過(guò)。它用在名詞前面時(shí)，of可有可無(wú)。在both girls中，both為形容詞；在both of the…結(jié)構(gòu)中，both為代詞。each other指互相，一般作賓語(yǔ)。
6．Letters will cost a little more, but they will certainly travel faster. 這樣會(huì)稍微多花點(diǎn)錢(qián)，但肯定是快得多了。
?。?）more和faster都是副詞的比較級(jí)。這里隱含的比較成分是郵局寄信與海上漂瓶。
（2）動(dòng)詞cost意為“（使）花費(fèi)”、“價(jià)錢(qián)為……”，其主語(yǔ)通常為某物或某件事情：
It costs a lot to buy a house.
買(mǎi)一所房子要花許多錢(qián)。
The dress cost me twenty pounds.
這件連衣裙花了我20英鎊。
語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use
后面可跟of，from，in和on的動(dòng)詞
許多動(dòng)詞后面加上介詞后仍具有其通常意義，但它們與哪些介詞連用卻往往是固定的，如borrow from，believe in（相信，信仰），receive from等。還有些動(dòng)詞可與不同的介詞連用，而動(dòng)詞的意義改變并不大，如dream of/about，help in/with，expect of/from等。在學(xué)習(xí)中，要牢記哪些介詞與它們連用。如下動(dòng)詞和介詞通?？梢苑珠_(kāi)使用，可以有自己的賓語(yǔ)，并且大部分都可用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。
（1）與of連用的動(dòng)詞
Someone must warn him of the difficulties. 必須有人提醒他有這些困難。
He has already been warned of them.
他已經(jīng)被警告過(guò)了。（被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)）
Don't expect too much of your child.
不要對(duì)你的孩子期望太高。
He must have spoken of the matter to John.
他肯定對(duì)約翰談起過(guò)這件事。
I have never heard of the actress.
我從來(lái)沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這位女演員。
（2）與from連用的動(dòng)詞
He borrowed three books from Mary.
他從瑪麗那里借了3本書(shū)。
He always asks for help from his parents. 他總是向父母求助。
?。?）與in連用的動(dòng)詞
Do you believe in everything he says?
你相信他的每一句話嗎？
She delights in working hard.
她喜歡努力工作。
He failed in his French test.
他法語(yǔ)考試沒(méi)通過(guò)。
Jack helped me in driving the sheep home.
杰克幫我把羊趕回家。
Mrs. Turner is experienced in teaching. 特納夫人很有教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
?。?）與on連用的動(dòng)詞
He finally decided on going home. 他最后決定回家。
You can't live on fruit only.
你不能只吃水果。
Last Sunday, we called on Mr. Dupont.
上星期天，我們拜訪了杜邦先生。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1．dream
?。?）vt. 做夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)：
I dreamt/dreamed I was in Scotland. 我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)我在蘇格蘭。
?。?）vt. 做夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)見(jiàn)（與of，about連用）：
I often dream of/about you.
我經(jīng)常夢(mèng)見(jiàn)你。
I dreamt of a large empty room.
我夢(mèng)見(jiàn)一個(gè)很大的空房間。
（3）n.夢(mèng)；夢(mèng)想，幻想。
I dreamt/had an interesting dream last night.
昨晚我做了一個(gè)有趣的夢(mèng)。
Have you heard of the American Dream?
你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)美國(guó)之夢(mèng)嗎？
2．throw vt.
?。?）投，扔，拋：
Don't throw stones at the dog.
別向那狗扔石頭。
Throw the ball to Tom.
把球扔給湯姆。
Shall I throw this old newspaper away?
我把這舊報(bào)紙扔掉好嗎？
?。?）把……對(duì)準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)；向……作出舉動(dòng)：
George was very happy today. Julie had thrown a smile at him in the morning.
喬治今天很開(kāi)心。早上朱莉朝他微笑了一下。
The boss threw him an angry look.
老板惱怒地看了他一眼。
Lesson 22 課后練習(xí)和答案Exercises and Answer
