新概念英語之所以經(jīng)久不衰是因為以其全新的教學理念，有趣的課文內容和全面的技能訓練，今天小編給大家?guī)硇赂拍钣⒄Z第二冊語法解析及練習題,希望可以幫助到大家，下面小編就和大家分享，來欣賞一下吧。
新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習題
1.表示過去所發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結果。常與yet，just，before，recently，lately(最近)，ever，never等表時間的副詞搭配使用。
● He hasn't seen her lately.
● I haven't finished the book yet.
2.表示一個從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能持續(xù)下去的動作，常與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。如：so far(迄今為止)，up till
now(直到現(xiàn)在)，since, for a long time(很長時間)，up to present(直到現(xiàn)在)，in the past / in the
last few years(在過去的幾年里)，these days(目前)……
. He has worked here for 15 years.
. I have studied English since I came here.
. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time.
. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother.
3.某些非延續(xù)性動詞(即：動作開始便終止的動詞)，在現(xiàn)在完成時中不能與表示一段時間狀語搭配。黃金要點：I.常見的非延續(xù)動詞：die, arrive(到達)，join(加入)，leave(離開)，go, refuse(拒
絕)，fail(失敗)，finish，buy，marry，divorce(離婚)，awake(醒) ，buy，borrow，lend ...(背三遍!)
II.這類動詞并非不能用現(xiàn)在完成時，而是不能接常由for引導的時間狀語。
III.但若是用在否定句中，非延續(xù)動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用。
● She has gone away for a month.(誤)
● She has been away for a month (正)
● The man has died for two years.(誤)
● The man has been dead for two years.(正)
● How long have youbought the book?(誤)
● How long have you got the book.(正)
4.注意 since的用法：
. They haven't had any troublesince they came here.
. It has been ten years since we met last time.
. He has been heresince 1980.
. He has been heresince ten years ago.
5.幾組對比：
He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。
He has been to Shanghai. 他去過上海。
She has gone. 她已走了。
She is gone. 她缺席了。(or她死了。)
The door has been closed. 門關上了。(動作)
The door is closed. 門是關著的。(狀態(tài))
練習題
1. The prices ________ going up all the time in the past few years.
A. keep B. kept C. have kept D. are keeping
2. For the whole period of two months, there ________ no rain in this area.
A. is B. will be C. has been D. have been
3. Today is Jane's wedding day. She ________ John.
A. have just married with B. was just married to
C. has just been married to D. just has been married to
4. No wonder the flower have withered, they ________ any water for ages.
A. hadn't B. haven't C. haven't had D. hadn't had
5. Nowadays computer ________ a wide application with the development of production and science.
A. found B. has found C. finds D. had found
練習答案：
1. C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. B
新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習題：現(xiàn)在進行時
現(xiàn)在進行時：is / am / are + 現(xiàn)在分詞
1.表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。如
. The kettle is boiling. Shall I make tea?
. Don't you think you eat too much? You're putting on weight(體重增加)。
. The workers are building a new bridge across the river.
2.表現(xiàn)階段正進行的動作。
. He is taking physics this semester(本學期)。
. Weare preparing for our final examination this week.
3.go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于進行時態(tài)時表示即將開始的動作。
. Look! The bus is coming.看!車來了!
. The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying.
. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.
4.與 always, forever, continually, constantly 等副詞連用，表示說話人帶有感.：贊賞或厭惡。
. He is always thinking of others.(他總是想著別人。)
. The boy is continually making noises.(這男孩不斷地發(fā)出吵鬧聲。)
. The teacher is constantly (always) criticizing her for being late.(老師一直在批評她遲到。)
5.下面表示狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動的動詞不可用于進行時。
(此條戒律請背 10遍!!!)
believe(相信)，doubt(懷疑)，see(看見)，hear(聽見) ，know(知道)，understand (理解)，belong(屬于)，think(認為)，consider(認為)，feel(覺得)，look(看起來)， seem(看上去)，show(顯示)，mind(介意)，have(有)，sound(聽起來)，taste(嘗起來)， require(要求)，possess(擁有)，care(關心)，like(喜歡)，hate(討厭)，love(喜愛)， detest(憎恨)，desire(意欲)
【簡單記憶】
● 永遠不要說I'm believing...或He is seeing a house. 再簡單一點說，這些動詞后面不要隨意加-ing.
● 可怕的是：我們在寫作及口語中常犯此類大錯!
● 注意：have a party / think about可以用進行時，因為這里have意為“舉行”;think意為“考慮”。
【測試精編】
1. How can you ________ If you are not ________ ?
A. listening / hearing B. hear / listening
C. be listening / heard D. be hearing / listening to
2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she ________ her homework.
A. will finish B. is finishing
C. had finished D. finishes
3. Those who have applied for the post(職位)________ in the office.(此題超前)
A. are being interviewed B. are interviewing
C. interviewing D. to be interviewing
4. The old scientist ________ to do more for the country.
A. is wishing B. has been wishing
C. wishes D. has been wished
5. If he ________, don't wake him up.
A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping
C. still has been sleeping D. will be sleeping still
【練習答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.B
新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習題：一般現(xiàn)在時
一、一般現(xiàn)在時：
1.構成：使用動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)須有變化。
(1)直接加“s”，works，takes
(2)以輔音加“y”結尾，變“y”為“i”，再加“es”
carry → carries
(3)以“o, s, x, ch, sh”結尾的動詞加“es”
goes dresses watches brushes
2.功能：
(1)表現(xiàn)在的事實、狀態(tài)或動作：
eg: . Birds fly.
. She loves music.
. Mary's parents get up very early.
(2)表習慣性動作或職業(yè)，常與often，sometimes，usually，always，every week，seldom，occasionally，frequently等時間副詞連用。
eg: . I always take a walk after supper.
. She writes to me very often.
. Tom and his girlfriend go out to take a picnic occasionally.
(3)表客觀真理，格言警句或事實：
. The earth moves round the sun.
. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
. Two and two makes four.
. No man but errs. 人非圣賢，熟能無過。
(4)表將來：
A.在由when，after, before，as，as soon as，although，because，if，even if，in case，till，until，unless，
so long as，where，whatever，wherever 等引導的狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來發(fā)生的動作。
(黃金重點，所有考試都不放過它!)
例如： . I'll tell her when shecomes tomorrow.
. Even ifit rains this afternoon, I'll meet you.
. Whatever happens, you should keep cool-headed. (不錯的句型，背下!!)
. I'll be right here waiting for you wherever you go.(很感人的句型!)
B.按時間表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事件，用一般現(xiàn)在時表達將來時概念。
. The play begins at 6:30 this evening.
. When does the plane take off?
. He leaves for that city next week.
. According to the timetable, the express train to Shanghai starts at nine in the morning.
(按照時刻表，開往上海的特快列車早上 7 點出發(fā)。)
【測試精編】
1. The Browns ________ a nice car and Brown's brother ________ a nice jeep.
A. have / have B. has / has C. have / has D. has / have
2. If their house ________ not like ours, what ________ it look like?
A. is / is B. is / does C. does / does D. does / is
3. - ________ you think he will come? - If it ________ tomorrow, he will not come.
A. Do / rains B. Are / rains C. Do / will rain D. Are / will rain
4. The little child ________ not even know that the moon ________ around the earth.
A. do / move B. do / moves C. does / moves D. did / moved
5. Many a student ________ fond of films, but a good student seldom ________ to the cinema
A. are / goes B. is / goes C. are / go D. is / go
【練習答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
新概念英語第二冊語法解析及練習題：單復數(shù)主語
I.單數(shù)主語：
1.當 every-, some-, any-, no- 等構成的不定代詞及 each, either, neither 作主語時，謂語動詞為單數(shù)。 Someone has told me about it.
Neither of us likes the film.
2.當 every 或 each 位于兩個由連接詞連接的單數(shù)主語前，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(必記之要點!)
Each girl and boy has a nickname.
Every man and woman is welcome.
3.位于主謂之間的介詞短語不影響謂語動詞的數(shù)，謂語動詞須和主語一致。常見介詞短語有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc.
(這是一幾乎所有考試都不愿放過的重點。)
The teacher along with his students is going to the party.
His parents as well as his elder sister have come to see him.
II.復數(shù)主語：
1.當主語由 and 或 both ... and 連接，通常采用復數(shù)謂語動詞。
● Both thegirl and the boyare his friends.
2.如主語是both, few或主語前有both, few, several, many 等限定詞時，謂語動詞須用復數(shù)。
● Several novels have been written by her.
● Both got the news at the same time.
下列名詞總是復數(shù)形式且謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)。
trousers, pants(褲子)，jeans, glasses, scissors(剪刀)，tweezers(鑷子)，plier(鉗子)，
scales (天平)，compasses(圓規(guī))，etc.
● The trousers hereare mine.
別忘了：如果以上名詞受 “a pair of” “the pair of”修飾時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
The pair of pants is too dirty.
III.單、復數(shù)的靈活運用：
1.當主語由 neither... nor, either... or, not only ... but also 或 or 連接時，謂語動詞與nor, or, but also后面的詞一致，在英語語法中，這被稱之為“就近原則”。
● Neither he nor I am going to the airport.
● Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad.
2.當主語前面有 none, all, some, any, most, half, majority等詞時，謂語動詞則根據(jù)主語的具體情況而采用相應的單、復數(shù)。
All of the money has been in the bank. (money 是不可數(shù)名詞)
All of us have been here.
3.“a number of”是復數(shù)，修飾可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞為復數(shù)，“the number
of”也修飾復數(shù)名詞，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(黃金要點!!)
● A number of students have passed the exam.
● The number of students in this class is 50.
IV. 用作單數(shù)的復數(shù)形式主語：
1.如主語是指：time, money, weight, volume, etc. 雖為復數(shù)形式，但謂語用單數(shù)形式。
Two years is a short time.
One hundred dollars is needed by me.
2.下列單詞如：physics，economics，mathematics，statistics，etc;measles，mumps，herpes，etc，news，ethics，politics，etc. 為復數(shù)形式，但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Statistics is a dull subject.
Politics is important.
3.書、報、雜志、電影的名稱作主語，謂動用作單數(shù)。
The New York Times is a good newspaper.
V.下列名詞在形式上保持不變，但謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于其意義：
1.family，team，class，committee，group，audience，faculty，etc.
The family is big.(總體)
His family like to watch TV.(家庭所有成員)
2.species，series，etc.
The species is rare.
These species are common.
3.sheep，deer，etc.
The sheep are eating grass.
The sheep is big.
VI. Chinese, English, French, etc 指語言時，謂動是單數(shù)，如與 "the" 搭配，指人民時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。
English is used widely.
The English love peace.
VII. 注意下列外來語的單復數(shù)形：
單數(shù)
basis
crisis
criterion(標準)
phenomenon
radius(半徑)
alumnus(男校友)
datum(資料)
medium(媒體)
index(索引)
appendix(附錄)
alga(海藻)
vita(生命)
復數(shù)
bases
crises
criteria
phenomena
radii
alumni
data
media
indices
appendices
algae
vitae
練習：
1. Students today are writing ________ of poetry.
A. a great many lines B. quantities of lines C. lots lines D. a large number
2. Thebookstore had not ordered ________ texts for all the students in the course.
A. plenty of B. enough
C. as many D. enough of
3. — What did you see? — We saw ________ police there.
A. many B. much C. little D. the
4. — Do you want to wait? — Two weeks ________ too long for me to wait.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
5. There they were greeted by a woman called Zenobia, ________.
A. being a beautiful woman of wealth and position
B. who is beautiful woman of wealth and position
C. a beautiful woman of wealth and position
D. and a beautiful woman of wealth and position
答案：1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C
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